Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

Carpal tunnel syndrome occurs when the median nerve is compressed as it travels through the carpal tunnel—a narrow passageway in the wrist that also contains the flexor tendons of the fingers. This compression can lead to symptoms such as pain, numbness, and tingling in the thumb, index, and middle fingers, as well as the thumb-side of the ring finger. In more advanced stages, numbness and sensory disturbances may spread to the entire palm and even the forearm. Patients often report an urge to shake their hands to relieve discomfort, and symptoms may intensify at night, sometimes disrupting sleep.

Although clinical evaluation is essential, the definitive diagnosis is made through an electromyography (EMG) test, which measures nerve conduction and muscle response. For mild to moderate cases, treatment typically includes anti-inflammatory medications and the use of wrist splints, especially at night. In more severe cases, surgery becomes necessary.

The surgical procedure involves a vertical incision at the wrist to release pressure on the median nerve by cutting the ligament that forms the roof of the carpal tunnel. After surgery, patients usually wear a wrist splint for about a week, and most are able to return to work within 10 days. When both hands are affected, surgeries are typically scheduled two months apart to allow proper recovery.

For individuals who spend long hours using a computer mouse, it’s advisable to use a wrist support pad to help reduce the risk of developing carpal tunnel syndrome.